How Does Golf's Four-Ball Better-Ball Format Work?

Golf's four-ball better-ball format is one of the most popular in the amateur game and it's used in both the Solheim and Ryder Cups

macintyre rose
Robert MacIntyre and Justin Rose in the Saturday four-balls at the 2023 Ryder Cup
(Image credit: Getty Images)

Four-ball is a team format in golf where a team of two golfers each play their own golf ball. The teammate with the lower score on each hole provides that team’s score for that hole.  For this reason, the format is also often called Four-ball Better Ball (4BBB) as the better score of the pair is counted each time.

The format can be used in stroke play or match play, such as in the Ryder Cup or Solheim Cup. It is different to foursomes golf – the other non-singles format used in the aforementioned competitions – as that's when players take alternate shots with the same ball. There are a number of differences between foursomes and four-ball.

In amateur golf, each team is responsible for recording their gross score on a hole on a single scorecard and identifying which player shot this (this is because the net score could be different for each player depending upon their handicaps).

The Ryder Cup tee from behind

Four-ball is usually the format for the afternoon sessions on days one and two in both the Ryder and Solheim Cups

(Image credit: Getty Images)

On each hole, the team can elect to record both players’ score or only one. If one player cannot better the score of their partner, then he or she doesn't need to hole out and should pick up.

How do handicaps work in four-ball better ball?

Under the World Handicap System, each player will get 85% of handicap allowance in four-ball strokeplay or Stableford competitions. In four-ball match play, it is 90%.

Although each player has to play their own ball, in several respects the players are treated as the same player. Thus a player may, for example, mark his partner’s ball, or lift and clean it, or drop it under penalty. (If these are done incorrectly, the player whose ball it is is the one who is penalised.)

Similarly, a player and the player’s caddie may also give help to the partner in the same way that the partner's own caddie would be allowed to do. One partner can also act for the team in actions such as conceding a shot or a hole.

Or indeed in playing a hole. If one partner fails to turn up on time, his or her partner can play alone for that team until the latecomer does turn up. Partners may also play in the order the side considers best when it is one of their turn to play.

So if Alex and Bill are a four-ball team, and Bill would have the next putt as his ball is the furthest away from the hole, the team can elect that Alex plays first, and then Bill, if they so desire.

Roderick Easdale

Contributing Writer Golf courses and travel are Roderick’s particular interests and he was contributing editor for the first few years of the Golf Monthly Travel Supplement. He writes travel articles and general features for the magazine, travel supplement and website. He also compiles the magazine's crossword. He is a member of Trevose Golf & Country Club and has played golf in around two dozen countries. Cricket is his other main sporting love. He is the author of five books, four of which are still in print: The Novel Life of PG Wodehouse; The Don: Beyond Boundaries; Wally Hammond: Gentleman & Player and England’s Greatest Post-War All Rounder.